Nuts and Bolts of Verifying GHG Emissions if It All Goes Wrong at the UN

The National Research Council issued an exhaustive report on the technologies and other means of verifying GHG emissions [carbon dioxide (CO2), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), and perfluorinated hydrocarbons (PFCs), plus emissions soot and sulfur compounds along with precursors of tropospheric ozone] remotely, on the realistic assumption that no workable deal is reached by UN.  It was done by a committee of earth and life scientists. 

The study reviewed current methods and proposed improved methods for estimating and verifying greenhouse gas emissions at different spatial (e.g., national, regional, global) and temporal (e.g., annual, decadal) scales. The results it says would be useful for a variety of applications, including carbon trading, setting emissions reduction targets, and monitoring and verifying international treaties on climate change.It has details on current sources and ways to estimate them.   It recommends that the UN give greater attention to both.

The committee’s recommendations fall into three
broad categories: (1) strengthening national greenhouse
gas inventories, which will likely remain the
core of a global monitoring and verification system; (2)
improving the ability to independently and remotely
estimate national, annual fossil-fuel CO2 emissions
and to monitor emission trends; and (3) developing the
capability to make accurate estimates of national CO2,
N2O, and CH4 emissions and CO2 removals from sinks

If that's your cup of tea you can download it for free at  this address:
http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=12883